What Types of Plastics Are There?

The basic concept of plastics and the performance characteristics of commonly used engineering plastics.

1. Definition of plastic

Plastic is a material with synthetic or natural polymer compounds as its main component. It can be molded into a certain shape under certain temperature and pressure conditions. When the external force is removed, it can still maintain its shape at room temperature.

2. Composition and classification of plastics

The main component of plastics is resin, which accounts for about 40% to 100% of the total plastics.

1. Thermoplastic plastics: Resins are linear or branched macromolecular chains.

Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyamide (commonly known as nylon) (PA), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (commonly known as organic glass) (PMMA), acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (A/S), polyester (PETP polybutylene terephthalate, PBTP polyethylene terephthalate Diol esters)

2. Thermosetting plastics

Phenolic resin (PF), epoxy resin (EP), amino resin, alkyd resin, allyl resin, urea formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine resin, unsaturated polyester (UP), silicone resin, polyurethane (PUR)

3. General plastics

Polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic resin, amino resin

4. Engineering plastics

Broadly speaking: any plastic that can be used as an engineering material or structural material.

Narrowly speaking: having certain metal properties, being able to withstand certain external forces, and having good Plastics that can maintain excellent mechanical, electrical and dimensional stability at high and low temperatures.

General engineering plastics: polyamide, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyphenylene ether (PPO), polybutylene terephthalate (PBTP) and its modified products.

Special engineering plastics (high-performance engineering plastics): high temperature resistant, structural materials. Polysulfone (PSU), polyimide (PI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethersulfone (PES), polyarylate (PAR), polyamide-imide (PAI), polyphenyl ester, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyether ketone, ion exchange resin, heat-resistant epoxy resin

5. Functional plastics (special plastics)

Plastics with special functions such as radiation resistance, superconductivity, magnetic conductivity and photosensitivity. Fluoroplastics, silicone plastics

6. Crystalline plastics

Plastics with regular molecular arrangement and maintaining their shape. PE, PP, PA

7. Non-crystalline plastics

Plastics with long chain molecules coiled into a ball (for thermoplastics) or formed into a network (for thermosetting plastics) and maintaining their shape. PS, PC, ABS

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